Question 1

What is Shore hardness of rubber and what is Shore A and Shore D?

Accepted Answer

The Shore A Hardness Scale measures the hardness of flexible mold rubbers that range in hardness from very soft and flexible, to medium and somewhat flexible, to hard with almost no flexibility at all. Semi-rigid plastics can also be measured on the high end of the Shore A Scale.
Shore Hardness, using either the Shore A or Shore D scale, is the preferred method for rubbers/elastomers and is also commonly used for 'softer' plastics such as polyolefins, fluoropolymers, and vinyls. The Shore A scale is used for 'softer' rubbers while the Shore D scale is used for 'harder' ones.

Question 2

What is the difference between Micro Vickers hardness tester and Macro Vickers hardness tester?

Accepted Answer

Vickers hardness test widely used to test the hardness of all kinds of metal materials (steel, nonferrous metals, tinsel, cemented carbide, sheet metal, etc.); surface layer / coating (Carburization, nitriding, decarburization layer, surface hardening layer, galvanized coating, etc.); Glass, chip, ceramic, plastic and rubber, etc.

In Vickers hardness test, the Micro hardness tester and Macro Vickers hardness tester are widely used. Micro hardness tester also named Micro Vickers hardness tester.
Test force:

Name	Test Force	Note
Micro hardness tester	≤2kgf （19.6N）	In market, test force from 10g to 1kgf is most widely used
Macro Vickers hardness tester	＞2kgf （19.6N）	In market, load 5kgf, 10kgf, 30kgf, 50kgf, 100kgf type Macro Vickers most widely used

Load type:

Name	Load type
Micro hardness tester	Dead weights is widely used
Macro Vickers hardness tester	Closed loop load cell is widely used

Question 3

What is the minimum thickness of specimen for Brinell hardness testing

Accepted Answer

To ensure get a more accuracy test result, you can not to test a too small thickness parts by a Brinell hardness tester. How to know the minimum thickness of specimen of Brinell hardness test? You can check below table:

Average Diameter of Indentation d	Min. Thickness of Specimen
	Ball Diameter
	D=1	D=2.5	D=5	D=10
0.2	0.08
0.3	0.18
0.4	0.33
0.5	0.54
0.6	0.8	0.29
0.7		0.4
0.8		0.53
0.9		0.67
1		0.83
1.1		1.02
1.2		1.23	0.58
1.3		1.46	0.69
1.4		1.72	0.8
1.5		2	0.92
1.6			1.05
1.7			1.19
1.8			1.34
1.9			1.5
2			1.67
2.2			2.04

Question 4

What’s the difference between BHN, HBW, HB, HBS of Brinell Hardness Tes

Accepted Answer

When quoting a Brinell hardness number (BHN or more commonly HBW), the conditions of the test used to obtain the number must be specified. The standard format for specifying tests can be seen in the example "HBW 10/3000". "HBW" means that a tungsten carbide (from the chemical symbol for tungsten or from the Swedish/German name for tungsten, "Wolfram") ball indenter was used, as opposed to "HBS", which means a hardened steel ball. The "10" is the ball diameter in millimeters. The "3000" is the force in kilograms force.

The hardness may also be shown as XXX HB YYD2. The XXX is the force to apply (in kgf) on a material of type YY (5 for aluminum alloys, 10 for copper alloys, 30 for steels). Thus, a typical steel hardness could be written: 250 HB 30D2. It could be a maximum or a minimum.

where:
BHN = Brinell Hardness Number (kgf/mm²)
P = applied load in kilogram-force (kgf)
D = diameter of indenter (mm)
d = diameter of indentation (mm)

where:
F = applied load (Newtons)
D = diameter of indenter (mm)
d = diameter of indentation (mm)

In one word, BHN test force unit is kgf, and HBW test force is N.

HBW: use tungsten carbide indenter
H: Hardness
B: Brinell
W: The material of ball indenter (tungsten / wolfram carbide)

HB or HBS: use steel indenter (former standard)

Question 5

How to choose a suitable Leeb hardness tool?

Accepted Answer

Portable hardness tester Leeb are widely used to test all kinds of large size and heavy (over 1kg) materials. Lots of new competitors into market since the fast increasing demand for portable Leeb hardness tester. Due to the relatively loose production standards for the Leeb hardness tester, the quality and price of the Leeb hardness tester vary. It will be very important to know how to choose a suitable Leeb hardness tester.
1) Choose portable Leeb hardness tester based on hardness scale or impact device
You have to choose Leeb hardness tester with D impact device if your material require to use HLD hardness scale to do test.
2) Choose portable Leeb durometer based on its working environment
In market have 2 mainly kinds of material of machine body: Plastic and metal. You should to consider metal body type machine if working environment very harsh, because plastic body easy damage (but plastic body type price more cheaper).
3) According to functions of the hardness measurement tool
Some Leeb tester with printer, some without printer; Some with color touch screen and hardness conversion functions, some only with basic testing function; Some Leeb hardness testers can work with PC to do data storage, some machine can not connect with PC. You can choose the Leeb hardness tester based on the functions which you need.
4) Choose a Leeb hardness testing machine based on its accuracy and continuous work time
Currently, digital Leeb hardness testing device support easy calibration function, so test result can keep more accuracy; If the hardness testing equipment price is very low and do not with easy calibration function, you should thick twice before you do; In the market, the power supply system of the Leeb hardness tester mainly includes: dry battery and lithium battery. You should to check the continuous time before make decision.
5) According to the impact device and impact body support replacement or not
Portable Leeb hardness testing instrument always work in factory workshops, construction sites, etc, which is relatively harsh. The impact body and impact device are very easy damaged. It will be very helpful if the portable hardness tester Leeb support easy replacement.
6) Professional supplier and reliable service
Work with a professional supplier they will help you to choose a most suitable Leeb hardness tester based on your needs. Reliable service system can help you solve lots of after sales problems.

Question 6

What’s the size of impact device (probe)of portable Leeb hardness tester?

Accepted Answer

The size of C / D / DL / DC / D+15 and G impact device as below chart:

Average Diameter of Indentation d	Min. Thickness of Specimen
	Ball Diameter
	D=1	D=2.5	D=5	D=10
0.2	0.08
0.3	0.18
0.4	0.33
0.5	0.54
0.6	0.8	0.29
0.7		0.4
0.8		0.53
0.9		0.67
1		0.83
1.1		1.02
1.2		1.23	0.58
1.3		1.46	0.69
1.4		1.72	0.8
1.5		2	0.92
1.6			1.05
1.7			1.19
1.8			1.34
1.9			1.5
2			1.67
2.2			2.04

Probe (Impact Device)	size	Photo
C	139*20mm
D	148*20mm
DL	204504mm
DC	86*20mm
D+15	164*14mm
G	246*30mm

FAQ

common problem

Q What is Shore hardness of rubber and what is Shore A and Shore D?

Q What is the difference between Micro Vickers hardness tester and Macro Vickers hardness tester?

Q What is the minimum thickness of specimen for Brinell hardness testing

Q What’s the difference between BHN, HBW, HB, HBS of Brinell Hardness Tes

Q How to choose a suitable Leeb hardness tool?

Q What’s the size of impact device (probe)of portable Leeb hardness tester?

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